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== Range == | == Range == | ||
The target of a spell must be within the spell’s range. For a spell like ''magic missile'', the target is a creature. For a spell like ''elemental sphere'', the target is the point in space where the ''elemental sphere'' explodes. | |||
Most spells have ranges expressed in feet. Some spells can target only a creature (including you) that you touch. Other spells, such as the ''shield'' spell, affect only you. These spells have a range of self. | |||
Spells that create cones or lines of effect that originate from you also have a range of self, indicating that the origin point of the spell’s effect must be you (see “Areas of Effect”). Once a spell is cast, its effects aren’t limited by its range, unless the spell’s description says otherwise. | |||
== Components == | |||
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A spell’s components are the physical requirements you must meet in order to cast it. Each spell’s description indicates whether it requires verbal (V), somatic (S), or material (M) components. If you can’t provide one or more of a spell’s components, you are unable to cast the spell. | |||
=== Verbal (V) === | === Verbal (V) === | ||
Most spells require the chanting of mystic words. The words themselves aren’t the source of the spell’s power; rather, the particular combination of sounds, with specific pitch and resonance, sets the threads of magic in motion. Thus, a character who is gagged or in an area of silence, such as one created by the silence spell, can’t cast a spell with a verbal component. | |||
=== Somatic (S) === | |||
Spellcasting gestures might include a forceful gesticulation or an intricate set of gestures. If a spell requires a somatic component, the caster must have free use of at least one hand to perform these gestures. | |||
=== Material (M) === | === Material (M) === | ||
Casting some spells requires particular objects, specified in parentheses in the component entry. A character can use a component pouch or a spellcasting focus (found in “Equipment”) in place of the components specified for a spell. But if a cost is indicated for a component, a character must have that specific component before it can cast the spell. | |||
If a spell states that a material component is consumed by the spell, the caster must provide this component for each casting of the spell. A spellcaster must have a hand free to access a spell’s material components — or to hold a spellcasting focus — but it can be the same hand that he or she uses to perform somatic components. | |||
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